Name Nationalism: The Unification of Italy How did an intellectual, a statesman, and a fighter unite Italy? Italy and the Congress of Vienna

Following the defeat of Napoleon, the nations of Great Britain, Russia, Austria, Prussia, and France met in Vienna to establish a balance of power. These nations divided up the remainder of Europe to ensure that no one nation would become too powerful. The Congress of Vienna ignored the calls for nationhood from regions such as Germany and Italy. As a result, Italy was divided into five major states (controlled largely by foreign powers): Sardinia (Piedmont): Ruled by King Victor Emmanuel of the Italian House of Savoy Papal States: Governed by the Pope and protected by the French monarchy Two Sicilies: Ruled by the Bourbon family of France Lombardy: Ruled by the Hapsburgs of Austria Venetia: Ruled by the Hapsburgs of Austria

After 1830, the nationalists turned to the leadership of Giuseppe Mazzini. Mazzini founded Young Italy, an organization devoted to the unification of Italy. Attempting to rouse Italian nationalism, Mazzini traveled throughout Italy to gain support for a revolution.

In 1848 revolutions did break out all over Italy, but strong foreign forces subdued them. The state of Sardinia was the only one to adopt a more liberal constitution as a result of these revolutions. Although the revolutions failed, Mazzini had advance the idea of a unified Italy and inspired nationalism in many Italians.
Directions:

1. 
   Go to Weebly  Unit 6  Lesson 3  “The Unification of Italy.” (Site 1)
   
2. 
   Read about the unification process in Italy and the pivotal roles played by Mazzini, Garbaldi, and Cavour.
   
3. 
   Then complete the appropriate sections of Part I on the back.
   
4. 
   Go to Weebly  Unit 6  Lesson 3 --? “The 19^th Century Unification of Italy.” (Site 2)
   
5. 
   Review the map of Italy and the annotated Italian unification timeline.
   
6. 
   Then complete the appropriate sections of Part I on the back.
   

Use Sites 1 and 2 to complete both columns of the the following chart.

Use Site 2 to answer the following questions.

1. 
   What were the five separate states that existed in Italy before unification?
   

2. 
   What is meant by Il Risorgimento?
   

3. 
   What does the following quotation suggest about Italy before unification: “To speak of an Italian people was to speak of a mass of illiterates brutalized by poverty and superstition…”
   

4. 
   What was the last area to join the united Italy in 1870?