Napoleon Bonaparte & the Congress of Vienna

Date ______________________ Pd ________

A. When Louis XVI was ____________________ during the French Revolution, many European nations ________________ France to keep revolutionary ideas from spreading

B. Napoleon Takes Power

1. A military officer named _________________________________________________________ successfully defended France & became a military _________________

2. But, the French republic lost the ________________________ of the citizens

3. In 1799, Napoleon staged a _____________________________ (overthrow) of the French republic & assumed power as ________________________

4. In 1800, the French people ___________ in favor of a new Constitution that made Napoleon ____________ of France

C. Napoleon’s Reforms

1. Napoleon made a series of reforms to improve the government, economy, & lives for French citizens

a. To fix the French economy, he introduced a fair _____________ system & a _______________________________ to regulate the money supply

b. He created a ______________ based system for gov’t __________________________________

c. He created ___________________________________________ for students of all backgrounds

d. He issued a comprehensive set of ____________ called the _____________________________________________ that provided order, freedom of religion, & eliminated _______________________________________ by estates

2. In 1804, Napoleon ordered an ________________ & the French people voted Napoleon __________________ for life

D. Napoleon wanted control of a _______________________________________ in North America & Europe

1. North America

a. But, the revolution in _____________ convinced Napoleon to ______________________________ North America

b. In 1803, Napoleon sold territory in _______________________ to the ____________________________________ for $15 million; The Louisiana Purchase _________________________ the size of the USA

2. Europe

a. During the Napoleonic Wars, Napoleon showed his _________________________________________ by defeating __________________ & Prussia and conquering ________________, Italy, & central Europe

b. From 1807 to 1812, Napoleon ruled over the _________________ European ________________ since the Romans

3. During his rule over Europe, Napoleon made a number of devastating decisions

a. The one nation Napoleon could not defeat was _____________________

i. He ordered a ___________________, called the ____________________________________________________, to cut off all _________________ with England

ii. The Continental System was a ___________________ & hurt the French economy more than England’s economy

b. In 1812, Napoleon made his greatest __________________ & invaded ____________________

I. The harsh ________________ & Russia’s ____________________________________________ policy devastated the French army & forced Napoleon to ________________________

E. The Fall of Napoleon

1. In 1814, the weakened French army was defeated; Napoleon __________________________________, was forced to give up his throne, & was _________________ to the island of Elba

2. The French __________________________ was restored, but new King Louis XVIII was unpopular; In 1815, Napoleon escaped & triumphantly _______________________ the throne

a. Only 100 days after Napoleon’s return, he built a new _______________ but was defeated by a European coalition at the Battle of ____________________________ in 1815

b. After his defeat, Napoleon was ________________ to the remote island of ___________________________ in the South Atlantic where he _______________ after 6 years

F. What was Napoleon’s Impact?

1. He created reforms that ended the ____________________ crisis & unequal class system and made public schools & a __________________________

2. His massive empire brought _________________ to the French people

3. His rise as emperor ended the Enlightened ideas of __________________________ that led to the French Revolution

4. The fall of empire led to a conflict between rule by strong _______________ & ____________________ governments

A. The era after the fall of Napoleon was a conflict among conservative, liberal, & radical forces

1. Conservatives were usually __________________ land owners & ____________; They typically supported traditional _____________________________

2. Liberals were usually from the ____________________________________; They supported Enlightenment ideas like __________________ monarchies & _______________ rights for educated landowners

3. Radicals were usually from the ______________________; They supported extending democracy to _______ citizens

B. The Congress of Vienna

1. When Napoleon was defeated in 1815, European leaders met at the ________________________________________ to restore ____________________ & bring stability back to Europe

a. Congress of Vienna was attended by _______________________________________ from Austria, Prussia, Russia, Britain, France and was led by Austrian minister Klemons von ________________________________

b. Metternich & other delegates ________________________ democracy, _____________________ the ideas of the French Revolution, & wanted to _____________________ Europe to the way it was before Napoleon

2. The goals of the Congress of Vienna

a. One goal was to prevent future ___________________ aggression; This was accomplished ______________ from France all lands it gained under Napoleon & making the nations around France __________________

b. One goal was to restore ______________________ to power in Europe; This was done by restoring ___________ in France, Portugal, Spain, & many Italian & German states

c. One goal was to maintain a ________________________________________ in Europe; This was done by forming the Concert of Europe, an ____________________________ among Russia, Austria, Prussia, & Britain to maintain peace & stop future ____________________________

3. The decisions made at the Congress of Vienna helped maintain peace in Europe for almost 40 years

C. But the decisions of the Congress of Vienna did not make __________________ or _________________ happy

1. The restoration of _____________ led to an increase in demand for ___________________________ in Europe