No particular order 1492-1600

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CHAPTER 2-5 Multiple Choice Questions (In no particular order)

1492-1600

Which of the following were the first to cultivate food crops in America?
1. European colonists in South America
2. Indians along the Atlantic seaboard of North America
3. Jesuit missionaries in southern California
4. Indians in central Mexico
Women were most likely to hold political positions in:
1. Hunting tribes
2. Tribes with no sexual division of labor
3. Agricultural tribes
4. Nomadic tribes
Black slavery was introduced to Europe by the
1. French
2. Spanish
3. English
4. Portuguese
Under the encomienda system,
1. Spanish Jesuits undertook the task of converting Indians to the Christian faith.
2. Tribute from Indian villages was granted to the individual conquistadors.
3. Prisoners from Spain were sent to work in New World silver mines for periods ranging from seven years to life
4. The Catholic Church established schools and hospitals in Indian villages
Which of the following is true of John Cabot?
1. He brought back Europe the first formal knowledge of North America’s northern coastline
2. He is credited with having found an all-water route through North America to Asia
3. As a result of his voyages, Cabot was the first European to realize that Columbus had not reached Asia
4. He established a settlement in Vinland which was the first European settlement in North America
The voyages of Cabot, Verrazzono, Cartier, and Hudson were important in that
1. Their discoveries led to regular trade with Asia via the Northwest Passage
2. They demonstrated that voyages of discovery could be highly profitable
3. Their discoveries caused European nations to become interested in exploring North and South America
4. They each established a permanent settlement in North America for their respective communities
The Lakota, Comanches and Crows of the Great Plains were profoundly affected by the
1. Cultivation of tobacco
2. Introduction of settled agriculture into North America via private property ideals
3. Introduction of wheat and rye into North America
4. Introduction of the horse into North America
The permanent outposts established by Europeans in North America in the early seventeenth century were initially inhabited by the people whose aim it was to
1. Establish military bases for their respective countries
2. Make money by sending as many beaver pelts as possible home to Europe
3. Christianize the Indians of North America
4. Establish permanent colonies for their respective countries
The first person to publish the idea that Columbus had discovered a new continent was
1. Amerigo Vespucci
2. Martin Waldseemuller
3. John Cabot
4. Pedro Alvares Cabral
In the 15^th century, Lower Guinea and Upper Guinea differed in which of the following respects?
1. The governments of Lower Guinea were democratic; those of Upper Guinea were autocratic
2. Women were responsible for the cultivation of rice in Lower Guinea but were primarily the local traders in Upper Guinea.
3. Women were denied political power in Lower Guinea but held powerful political and religious positions in Upper Guinea
4. The peoples of Lower Guinea continued to practice traditional African religions; those of Upper Guinea were heavily influenced by the Islamic religion
When Europeans began to colonize North America, the Indians on the continent
1. Did not see themselves as one people and did not think of uniting against the invaders
2. Realized that unity against the invaders was essential to survival
3. Quickly accepted the religious ideas expressed by European missionaries
4. Recognized the importance of accepting and adopting major characteristics of European culture

1600-1640

French missionaries, unlike their Spanish counterparts, decided they could best convert Native Americans to Christianity by
1. Moving them to European-style villages
2. Learning Indian languages and going among the natives
3. Using European medicines to cure Indians of smallpox
4. Destroying all vestiges of traditional Indian religions
The economic and social problems in the seventeenth-country England that caused many English citizens to migrate to the New World were the result of:
1. The collapse of the woolens industry
2. Warfare between England and France
3. The government’s decision to eliminate all tariffs on foreign foods
4. The doubling of the English population between 1530 and 1680
Who were the Puritans and what pushed them to leave for the New World?
1. Desire for money to buy manufactured goods on their own
2. Pursuit to eliminate dependence on outsiders
3. Maintain their “Englishness”
4. Some of the above
5. All of the above
The Puritans advocated which of the following changes in the Church of England?
1. They wanted the church to be free from political interference.
2. They wanted all English citizens to be included in the membership of the church
3. They wanted bishops and archbishops to be elected rather than appointed.
4. They wanted priests to be allowed to marry.
The primary motive behind the founding of England’s first permanent colony was a desire
1. For religious freedom
2. For profit
3. To gain knowledge about the flora and fauna of the New World
4. To challenge Spain’s power in the New World
A number of English Puritans moved to America in the 1620s and 1630s because they
1. Wanted to establish a society of religious toleration
2. Wanted the freedom to practice their beliefs without monarchy interference
3. Were exiled to the New World after coming back from the Netherlands
4. Wanted to establish an independent nation for themselves
Joint-stock companies turned out to be poor ways to finance colonies because
1. Taxes on the profits of these companies were excessive
2. The number of people who could serve as potential investors were limited by English law
3. New colonies do not immediately return a profit to investors
4. The English government insisted on controlling day-to-day operations of these companies
Powahatan extended aid to the Jamestown settlers because
1. They achieved a quick and decisive victory over his warriors
2. He believed they were divine beings
3. Their weapons could help him consolidate his power over the other tribes
4. The Algonquian religion taught the brotherhood of all people
What was the most responsible for the end of the peaceful terms between English and Native Americans in Virginia?
1. The introduction of slavery
2. Tobacco cultivation proliferation
3. Kidnapping of neighboring native tribes
4. The instigation by the British troops
The survival of the Jamestown settlement is largely due to
1. Good planning on the part of the Virginia Company
2. Aid received from the Powhatan Confederacy
3. The agricultural skills of the early settlers
4. The early development of village democracy
Which of the following was a reason for the early problems that confronted the Jamestown colony?
1. The colony was kept in a constant state of chaos due to the tyrannical rule of John Smith
2. Nomadic tribes had virtually wiped out the supply of game in the area
3. A severe drought made it difficult for the settlers to cultivate crops
4. The early colonists had to contend with the hostility of nearby Indians
James I abolished the House of Burgesses because he
1. Thought it was the main contributor for Virginia’s instability
2. Distrusted the legislative assemblies
3. Did not agree with the domination by Virginia’s wealthy landowners
4. Blamed the independence for the financial failures of the Virginia Company
For which of the following reasons did the spread of tobacco cultivation in Virginia lead to conflict with the Indians?
1. The Indians were jealous of the prosperity that tobacco cultivation brought to the English settlers
2. In an effort to get workers for their plantations, Virginia planters began to kidnap and enslave Indians
3. The abundant land required for tobacco cultivation caused the settlers increasingly to encroach on Indian lands
4. Indian religion associated tobacco with evil spirits and with death
Which of the following is true concerning indentured servants?
1. A significant percentage did not live through the period of their indenture
2. Most had to pay for their own food out of the meager wages they earned
3. They were legally defined as property and had no rights under the law
4. They were not generally overworked and found the Chesapeake climate conducive to their health.
Which of the following was true of most Chesapeake families in the seventeenth-century?
1. They made most of their own clothes and farm implements
2. They did not spend much money on material possessions beyond the necessities
3. They lived luxurious lives of leisure
4. They had to import most of their food from England because they concentrated on growing cash crops
Why was the seventeenth-century Chesapeake politically unstable?
1. The governments of Virginia and Maryland were dominated by immigrants who had no strong ties to each other or to their respective colonies.
2. Few settlers cared about becoming politically involved
3. Parliament continually interfere in the governing of the Chesapeake colonies
4. Most settlers questioned the legitimacy of the colonial governments of Virginia and Maryland
Separatists differed form Puritan Congregationalists in that Separatists believed
1. That one is saved solely by the grace of God
2. In complete equality between the sexes
3. That the Church of England was too corrupt to be saved
4. In allowing freedom of religion to all settlers in Plymouth
Which of the following was a characteristic of the land distribution system of early Massachusetts Bay?
1. Each individual settler received a fifteen-acre headright
2. Distinguished individuals received the largest and best plots
3. Each family in a town received an equal amount of land, but the amount varied from town to town
4. Each family received land for a house, but farmland was worked communally.
Why did Puritan migrations into the Connecticut valley eventually lead to war with the Pequot Indians?
1. The migrations violated treaty agreements between the Puritans and Pequots
2. The puritans came into the region with the intent of enslaving the Pequots
3. The presence of English settlers in the area disrupted the trade patterns on which Pequot war was based
4. The migrations disrupted Pequot society, which was based on total isolation from the outside world.
How did the lifestyles of white New England settlers differ from the lifestyles of their counterparts in the Chesapeake?
1. Because New Englanders moved a great deal, their homes were not as sturdy as those in the Chesapeake
2. Most New Englanders moved to America in family groups, while most Chesapeake migrants had come as individuals seeking economic opportunity
3. The harshness of the New England environment meant a higher infant mortality rate and smaller families in New England than in the Chesapeake
4. Unlike New Englanders who cleared new fields every few years, residents of the Chesapeake used the same fields year after year
Anne Hutchinson challenged Puritan orthodoxy by expressing which of the following beliefs?
1. She taught that the elect could communicate directly with god
2. She preached that divorces was an unforgivable sin
3. She called for the ordination of women as ministers
4. She taught that the covenant of grace was contrary to the teachings of Jesus

1640-1720

What were 18^th century characteristics of the colonies?
1. dominance of English culture
2. traditions of self-government
3. religious toleration
4. hereditary aristocracy prevents social mobility
5. All of the above
6. Some of the above
Which factors formed the backbone of American characters?
1. Religion
2. Finances
3. Curiosity
4. political heritage
5. SOME OF THE ABOVE
6. ALL OF THE ABOVE
All of the colonies founded during the reign of Charles II were
1. Founded by colonists who left or were banished form the New England Puritan communities
2. Established as military fortification built to defend against the problematic Indian raids
3. Given as rewards to men who had supported Charles II during the English Civil War
4. Seized from the Dutch by military force
Why was the economic growth of New York slow during the colony’s early years?
1. Continued dutch resistance to British rule created instability and an atmosphere of economic uncertainty
2. The colony attracted few settlers because of its record of religious intolerance
3. The colony’s tax policies deprived investors of much-needed capital
4. The Duke of York’s decision to grant the Jerseys to friends deprived the colony of a great deal of fertile land
The government established by the “Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina” may be characterized as
1. democratic
2. theocratic
3. hierarchial
4. totalitarian
The government established by the “Fundamental Orders of Connecticut” may be characterized as
1. democratic
2. theocratic
3. hierarchial
4. totalitarian
How did the development of the Albemarle region of the Carolina colony differ form the development of the region to the south?
1. slavery was more important to the economic development of the Albemarle region than to the economic development of the southern region
2. African influences were greater in the Albemarle region because it had a higher proportion of African-born blacks than did the southern region
3. A Virginia-like society was established in the Albemarle region; Barbarian influence was more important in the southern region
4. The main export crop in the Albemarale region was grain, whereas cotton was the main export crop in the southern region.
Why did Puritan migrations from England to the New World largely stop in the period of 1642-1660?
1. The Puritans gained control over the English government during that period
2. King Charles I prohibited further puritan migrations to America
3. The hardships reported by the puritans in America deterred those in England from leaving for America
4. Almost all of the Puritans in England had already been departed.
Which of the following was a consequence of New England’s population growth in the late seventeenth century?
1. the death rate among children increased substantially as population outstripped the food supply
2. overcrowded conditions increased the incidence of epidemic diseases
3. the scarcity of land caused some New Englanders to abandon agriculture and learn new skills so that they could support themselves in an urban area
4. a significant number of New Englanders moved back to England
In the Chesapeake most local governments were run by a
1. city manager
2. magistrate
3. town meeting
4. county commission

Why did contact with the Europeans intensify the Iroquois’ need to wage war?
1. the Iroquois needed to increase the power of their Confederacy in order to combat the powerful Europeans
2. the Iroquois had to prevent neighboring tribes form allying with the Europeans
3. European expansion constantly pushed the Iroquois form old tribal lands into new unconsecrated territories
4. As European diseases increased the death rate within the Iroquois Confederacy, their need to replenish their population with captives increased
Which of the following was a consequence of the Pueblo revolt?
1. The Pueblos permanently gained their independence from Spain.
2. Spain decided to abandon its attempts to create an empire in North America
3. Spanish authorities decided that the only way to subdue the Pueblos was to destroy all aspects of their culture
4. When Spain regained control, Spanish governors stressed cooperation with the Pueblos.
What was the cause of King Philip’s War?
1. Land-hungry white settlers waged attacks against New England Indian tribes
2. The Wampanoags were concerned that their lands were being surrounded by white settlements
3. The Nipmucs attempted to gain total control over the fur trade with the Europeans
4. The British violated a trade treaty with Wampanoags
Which of the following was a consequence of King Philip’s war?
1. Not only were abandoned interior New England towns quickly rebuilt, but they expanded considerably
2. Many of the Native American followers of King Philip were captured and sold into slavery
3. New Englanders experienced unprecedented economic prosperity in the years immediately after the war
4. The Wampanoags prevented New England settlers from the encroaching on their ancestral lands
Which of the following is true of Bacon’s rebellion?
1. The rebellion was an attempt by Nathaniel Bacon and his followers to force the Virginia government to compensate the Susquehannocks for lost tribal lands
2. The rebellion was a clash of personalities between Nathaniel Bacon and Governor William Berkeley
3. The rebellion involved the land-hungry whites who alternately attacked Indians and battled with established authorities in Virginia
4. The rebellion allowed the Piedmont planters to permanently gain control over the colonial government of Virginia
In the aftermath of Bacon’s Rebellion
1. Most Virginia landowners freed their indentured servants
2. The Doegs and Susequehannocks were forcibly removed from the Virginia Piedmont
3. Nathaniel bacon was elected governor of Virginia
4. Virginia landowners began to purchase large numbers of imported African slaves
Why, beginning in the mid-1600s, did Chesapeake planters begin to purchase more African slaves?
1. They could no longer obtain an adequate supply of white indentured servants.
2. The price of slaves dropped as more and more were imported from Africa
3. It became clear that Native Americans could not be used successfully as slaves
4. It became necessary for white indentured servants to serve in the militia to defend against Indian attacks
According to a 1667 law passed by the Virginia House of Burgesses, if a slave was baptized as a Christian, the slave
1. Became a free person
2. Remained a slave
3. Became an indentured servant, bound to his master for only three more years
4. Could claim the status of a free person if and only if he or she was of a mixed race
Which of the following statements correctly identifies the Royal African Company?
1. This English company held a monopoly on all English trade with sub-Saharan Africa during the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries
2. This West African company consisted of representatives from all West African kingdoms and coordinated slave-catching raids into the African interior
3. This West African company established the rules and regulations under which Europeans were allowed to trade with states along the Guinea coast.
4. This English company acted as the coordinator and licensing agent for all independent trading companies seeking to transport slaves to the English colonies
By the late 1640s, New England’s economy was dependent on which of the following?
1. Foodstuffs and wood products sold to sugar planters in the Caribbean
2. Ever increasing migrations to the area from England
3. Grains sold into European markets
4. Manufactured goods sold to English merchants
The part of the New England trading system that was triangular in nature involved
1. Firearms, ammunition, and slaves
2. Slaves, rum and cod
3. Ammunition, grain and rum
4. Molasses rum and slaves
Between 1492 and 1770, most slaves transported to the New World were carried to
1. Brazil and the Caribbean islands
2. The British mainland colonies
3. The French mainland settlements
4. Central America
What impact did the slave trade have on West Africa?
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