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8000 – 600 CE
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600 – 1450 CE
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1450-1750 CE
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1750 – 1914 CE
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1914 - Present
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Politics
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Dynasties with emperors- mandate of heaven
Start of bureaucracy/meritocracy
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Japan borrowed from China
Increased bureaucracy
Tributary system
Constant threat from North
Prince Shotoku then daimyos
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Fall of Ming from internal/external - Manchu
Japan: Warring States Period to Tokogawa Shogunate
Centralized rule
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Abdication of Qing, unification of China
Fight for control with Mao
Japan: abolishes feudalism, Civil code, regional govs
Nationalism = huge force
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Decolonization from Europe Nominally democratic
Tensions- China and West
USSR/China split
Birth of Chinese Republic
Japan: parliamentary capitalism
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Economy
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Lots of money flowing in from Silk Roads
Otherwise agricultural
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Paper money
Credit or “flying money”
High taxes cause peasant revolts
Serfs bound to land
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China: trade with Europeans in Qing
Japan: manufacturing, merchant class get wealth and power , urbanization, population growth
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Provide labor for plantations/mines
Meiji Restoration- quickly industrialized in Japan
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Modernization of Japan, Taiwan, South Korea
Post- industrial/high-tech
Less affected by global depression
Need natural resources
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Social Class/Gender
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Patriarchal
Confucian principles
Women only power in court
Scholars/officials military artisans
Few live in cities
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Code of Bushido- chivalry
Women lost freedom in Japan
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Foreigners allowed in China
Manchus higher than Chinese
Japan: hierarchy becomes unbreakable, samurai at top
lower class women more free – upper obey or die
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Rigid Tokogawa hierarchy ended
Middle class grows power
Lower classes- horrible conditions, taxed a lot
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Slow to embrace/tolerate diversity and individualism
High degree/variety social services
Rise of feminism- suffrage
Women went worked WWII
Foot binding outlawed
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Science/Inventions
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Iron Age
Modernized army
Paper, accurate sundials/calendars, agriculture improvements (plow)
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Gunpowder for military
Boasts = junks
Navigation/block printing
Iron production
Agriculture technique population cities
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Gunpowder more prevalent
Globalization of trade
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British introduced opium to China
Westernization of Japan
- steamships/railroads
Communication revolution
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Atomic bombs
Nuclear weaponry
Militarism in Japan
Computer, internet, biotechnology and genetic science
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Art/Architecture
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Brush painting
Palaces
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Infrastructure (roads, inns, postal stations)
Japan: haiku, pencil sketches, ink sketches, Noh drama, tea ceremony
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Japan: kabuki theatre replaces restrained drama,
Woodblock prints = art form, borrowed Korean ceramics and western oil painting
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Artistic styles change more rapidly and radically than ever before
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Theme for lit- resisting US
New style= cubism
Movie industry
Use of concrete and glass
New skepticism
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Empire
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Collapse of empires in China from internal problems – economic depression, natural catastrophe, social unrest
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Mongol empires – conquer China, but fail in Japan replaced by Ottoman Turks and Ju Yuanzahng of Ming dynasty
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Japan empire centralized
Fall of the Manchu empire
Interaction with west = China – relatively isolated, Japan- periods of isolation and acceptance
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The fall of China – opium wars, internal rebellions, external lasses, Boxer Rebellion
Japanese imperialism- Taiwan, Korea, Russia
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Japan- WWII- invades Manchuria, China, Siberia – taking over Southeast Asia,
Bomb Pearl Harbor – brings US into war atomic bomb US occupies Japan
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Religion
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Polytheism, animism ancestor worship
Confucianism, Legalism
Daoism, also spread of Buddhism from India
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Buddhist missionaries
Shinto religion
Influenced by monotheistic religions
Neo- Confucian thought
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New sects of Buddhism from China to Japan
Neo- Confucianism increase
(ethnocentric, historicism, rationalism)
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Scientific/secular world becomes dominant
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Religious fundamentalism
Western appreciation for science spread
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