The American Revolution 1775 1783 1 Fighting Begins in the North read pgs 166-172
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US History Fort Burrows The American Revolution 1775 - 1783 6.1 -- Fighting Begins in the North READ pgs 166-172 Time Line: 1775 - At Bunker Hill, the colonists face the British in what will be known as the first major battle of the American Revolution 1777 - the Battle of Saratoga becomes the turning point of the war. Also, after the American’s victory, the French decide to join the war and help America defeat the British 1778 - France recognizes American Independence ¿¿ Why is this so very IMPORTANT ? ____________________________________ 1781 - The British surrender to the Americans at Yorktown 1783 - Great Britain recognizes American independence in the Treaty of Paris Main Idea: Even though Congress did their part and tried to make peace with Britain, more fighting began in New England. Vocabulary: Olive Branch - peace petition sent to King George III by colonial delegates Petition declaring their loyalty to the King and asking him to repeal the Intolerable Acts Green Mountain - surprise attack on Fort Ticonderoga which gave the Boys Americans control of a key route into Canada Continental Army - army established by the second continental congress to fight the British Patriots - colonists who favored war against Britain Loyalists - colonists who remained loyal to Britain Battle of Bunker Hill - 1775, 1st MAJOR battle of the American Revolution blockade - shutting of a port to keep people or supplies from moving in or out mercenaries - soldier who fights merely for pay, often for a foreign country The American War for Independence was the first time in the history of the world that a colony had successfully rebelled against its ruling country. The American Revolution set an example for the overthrow of many tyrannical governments, beginning with the demise of the French absolute monarchy and continuing into our own day with the fight for free elections in South Africa, Iraq, and other countries. Setting the Scene: News of the fighting at Lexington and Concord spread like wildfires. Riders galloped off carrying hurriedly scrawled messages about the battles. The messengers were urged to “ride day and night” and spread the news “without the least delay.” Within a few days, between 10,000 and 15,000 militia rushed to Boston. They surrounded the city and the British troops stationed there. The sudden arrival of rebellious colonists was a clear sign that the quarrel between Britain and its American colonies was about to blaze into war. Still, many colonists hoped for a peaceful solution. Was there no way to heal relations with Britain ? ___________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ Peace or War ? In May 1775, a few weeks after the battles at Lexington and Concord, colonial delegates met at the Second Continental Congress hoping to avoid a final break with Britain A Peace Petition
They declared loyalty to the king and asked for a repeal of the 4 Intolerable Acts King George III was furious and vowed to bring the colonists rebels to justice He sent 20,000 more troops to the colonies to crush the revolt Sam and John Adams were convinced that war could not be avoided even before Congress sent the petition
Ethan Allen, Vermont blacksmith, did not wait for Congress to act In May 1775, he led a band of Vermont volunteers, known as Green Mountain Boys, in a bold surprise attack on Fort Ticonderoga in the early morning British commander surrendered and the Green Mountain Boys won a valuable supply of cannons and gunpowder The success gave Americans control of a key route into Canada
The Second Continental Congress had to make decisions about their makeshift army in Boston In June 1775, the delegates set up the Continental Army and appointed George Washington as commander Washington knew he would be fighting against one of the world’s toughest armies but was willing to do his best and set off at once to take charge Advantages of the Opposing Sides Patriots Colonists who favored war with Britain thought British rule was harsh and unjust 1/3 of colonists were Patriots Patriots entered war with some disadvantages and advantages
The British British were a powerful foe – highly trained, experienced troops British navy was the best in the world British armies were 3,000 miles from home News and supplies took months to travel from Britain to North America British soldiers risked attacks from colonists once they marched out of the cities Loyalists 1/3 of colonists remained loyal to Britain Included wealthy merchants, former officials of the royal government, some farmers and craftsworkers More Loyalists lived in the Middle and Southern Colonies Loyalists faced hard times during war ¥ Tarred and feathered by Patriots ¥ Fled to England or Canada, losing their homes, farms and stores ¥ Some found shelter in cities controlled by British The Fight for Boston During the first year of conflict, fighting centered around Boston 6,000 British troops were stationed in Boston surrounded by colonial militia Battle of Bunker Hill (before GW reached Boston) June 1775, Colonel Prescott led 1,200 minutemen from Boston, up Bunker Hill Patriots could fire on British ships in Boston harbor from Bunker Hill Prescott moved troops to Breed’s Hill, an even better position British General Howe spotted the Americans and ferried 2,400 red coats across harbor to attack Patriots fired and British were forced to retreat two times On the third attack, British took Bunker Hill and Breed’s Hill British paid high price for victory with 1,000 dead or wounded red coats Battle of Bunker Hill was the first MAJOR battle of the Revolution It proved Americans could fight bravely but the British would not be
When George Washington arrived in Boston, he found 16,000 troops GW turned raw recruits into a trained army and won their loyalty In January 1776, Washington had a stroke of good fortune The cannon captured by the Green Mountain Boys at Fort Ticonderoga arrived in Boston and was placed overlooking the harbor British General Howe knew he could not hold Boston and his troops sailed to Canada in March 1776 – 1,000 loyalists went with them King George III ordered a blockade of all colonial ports and hired German mercenaries to help fight the colonists
Peace________________________________________________________________ War_________________________________________________________________
Colonists_____________________________________________________________ British_______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________ of 6.1 Printer Copy Directory: cms -> lib09 -> TX01000550 -> Centricity -> Domain -> 880 880 -> Us history Super staar 131 Facts! Fort Burrows 880 -> Main Idea: In writing the Constitution, Americans drew on ancient traditions, Enlightenment ideas, and their own experience 880 -> Us history Fort Burrows The Nation Grows and Prospers 1790 1825 880 -> Main Idea: President Jackson showed the strength of his will in his fight with the Bank of the United States 880 -> Us history Fort Burrows Review Chapter 12 w/Yellow Answers 880 -> 10. 5 The War of 1812 Main Idea 880 -> Conquistador – ‘conquerors’ tribute – ‘payment of food & valuables’ 880 -> Main Idea: Spain’s conquest, exploration, and colonization of the Americas brought wealth to some and tragedy to others 880 -> Vocabulary: Battle of Bull Run – first major battle of the Civil War, fought in Virginia in 1861 880 -> Main Idea: As a result of the Mexican war, the United States expanded its borders to the Pacific Ocean Download 31.78 Kb. Share with your friends:
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